Welcome to SSP 2020

Hello everyone! This is a Beihang solid state physics course for Bachelor students majored in Physics, please feel free to explore the website. Have fun!

A beautiful Azurite crystal: Quantum Material with Spin Frustration

Requirements

Due to the coronavirus epidemic in 2020 spring:

  • Watch the online SSP course video and read related materials (textbook, slides) before due discussion hours.

  • Discussion Time: Every Tuesday and Friday, 10:00 - 11:30 am, through Tencent Meeting.

  • Homework.

Wei Li, Associate Prof. Dr.

School of Physics, Beihang

19-Feb-2020, Beijing.


Syllabus

Chapter 0: Introduction [2 hours]

  • Solid States, Condensed Matter, and Quantum Matter
  • Structure, Property, and Performance
  • Theory of Everything

Chapter 1: Crystal Structures [6 hours]

  • Bravais lattice
  • Basis, primitive vector/cell, and conventional unit cell
  • Reciprocal Lattice and Miller index

Chapter 2: X-Ray Diffraction [4 hours]

  • Laue formula
  • Bragg’s law
  • Geometric and form factors

Chapter 3: Crystal Binding [6 hours]

  • Cohesive energy and classification of solids
  • Ionic crystal and Madelung constants,
  • Covalent crystal and valence bond
  • molecular crystal and Leonard-Jones potential

Chapter 4 Defects in Crystals [2 hours]

  • Classification of defects
  • Point defects and its thermodynamics and color center
  • Dislocation and crystal growth

Chapter 5 Hamonic Crystal [14 hours]

  • Classical theory of hamonic crystals
  • Quantum theory of harmonic crystals
  • Debye and Einstain Models
  • Phonons and lattice thermodynamics, anharmonic effects

Chapter 6 Metals [12 hours]

  • Drude theory and electric resistivity
  • Sommerfeld theory
  • Thermal conductivity
  • Free electron gas and Fermi liquid
  • Hall effect and free electron Landau level

Chapter 7 Band Theory I [12 hours]

  • Periodic potential and Bloch theorem
  • Fermi surface and Brillouin zone
  • Tight-binding model
  • Nearly free electrons
  • Band structure

Chapter 8 Band Theory II [4 hours]

  • Semiclassical motion of band electrons
  • Band electrons in an electric field: metals, insulators, and semiconductors
  • Band electrons in a magnetic field: de Hass-van Alphen Effect

Chapter 9 Magnetism and Superconductivity [2 hours]

  • Diamagnetism, paramagnetism, Magnetic order, and Curie’s law

  • Critical temperature and superconductivity gap

  • Persistent current, the Meissner effect, and the London equation

  • Brief introduction to the BCS theory

第0章 固体物理引论
Introduction to Solid State Physics 1. 从固体物理到凝聚态物理:多学科交叉的物理学重要分支 固体物理采用量子力学、热力学与统计力学等方法,从微观结构到宏观现象,研究具有一定刚度的物质(固体)的力学、热学、电磁学、动力学性质等。发展出了格波与声子理论、能带论、超导BCS理论、朗道-金兹堡对称破缺理论等重要方法和框架,极大拓展了人们对固体物质认识的广度和深度。 固体与液体的主要区别是固体具有一定的剪切强度,而液体没有。通俗的说,固体具有一定的形状,而液体没有。固体和液体统称凝聚态,将液体、软物质等研究纳入研究领域,固体物理在80年代实现了跨越式学科发展,进入“凝聚态物理“时代。但凝聚态物理的核心和主体内容仍是固体物理(为什么?)。 固体物理学的主要分支包括半导体、磁学、超导、表面物理等,固体物理的知识是材料工业、纳米科技、信息工业、能源工业等的基础和支撑,也是空间探测、量子计算等新兴技术的核心和重要基础。 学科诞生记:凝聚态物理的兴起 (英文原文Physics Today: When Condensed Matter Physics Became King) 2. 涌现(Emergence)及其物理:从原子到固体 简明的固体模型:有序排列的原子,以电磁相互作用结合,形成固态物质。 丰富的现象涌现:宏观尺度形形色色的固态性质,通过原子间的相互作用从微观尺度涌现出来。